Apparatus for handling cartons



6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 25, 1953 c. E. KERR ET AL APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CARTONS Original Filed July 8, 1946 @MP3 QSA 0.@ aww \r\nH; OQ@ #QQ w MMM .o /Sovmawonawo mvmQoS m5 m3 .Nv mg o3 om@ s o3 J5 hmm .e s3 O r3 m m03 v P N@ o3 s o@ moe dnv moo om? n d @OJ l .mm 03 Wim: lu. mmv mms Q vm? Aug. 25, 1953 c. E. KERR ETAL APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CARTONS original Filed July a, 194e 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS Aug. 25, 1953 c. E. K ERR ETAL APPARATUS FOR HANDLING cARToNs original Filed July s.. 194s 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 m. lmHIl-.l

INVENTORS CHARLES E. KEER ROSGOE ELSHEINEI'? ATTORNEYS Aug. Z5,l 1953 c. E. KERR ET AL l 2,649,676

APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CARTONS Original Filed July 8, 1946.. '6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS CHARLES E. KEER ROSGE ELSHE/LE? www ATTORNEYS All@ 25, 1953 c. E. KERR ETAL 2,649,676

APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CARTONS ATTORNEYS Aug. 25, 1953 c. E. KERR ET AL 2,649,675

APPARATUS/.FOR HANDLING CARTONS Original Filed July 8, 1946 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 CHARLES E. KEER [P05005 ELSHE/MER ATToNEYs Patented Aug. 25, 1953 APPARATUS FOR HANDLING CARTONS lCharles E. Kerr and Roscoe Elsheimer, Hoopeston, Ill., assignors to Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation, a corporation of Dela- Original application July 8, 1946, Serial No.

681,980. Divided and this application December 19, 1947, Serial No. 792,688

rz claims. (01.53-138) The present invention appertains to an apparatus for handling cartons used for packaging merchandise such as food products or the like.

More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus for closing filled cartons having a formed body portion and a collapsed cover hinged thereon.

This application is a division of our copending application Ser. No. 681,980 for Carton Handling Machine filed July 8, 1946, now Patent Number 2,577,529, December 4, 1951.

One object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for closing cartons having collapsed covers hinged thereon while the cartons are in a continuous uninterrupted flow.

Another object is to provide an apparatus for opening up the collapsed flanges of the covers of cartons and folding the covers over the cartons to thereby close the same while the cartons are in a continuous flow.

Another object is to provide a machine for closing cartons while the same are in a continuous and uninterrupted flow.

Another object is to provide a machine for advancing filled cartons in a continuous and uninterrupted flow past the carton closing and discharge mechanism for erecting the collapsed flanges of the cover of the cartons, for closing the cover, and for pressing the filled and closed cartons into shape for subsequent wrapping or labeling thereof.

Another object is to provide a machine for closing the covers of cartons after the cartons have been filled with merchandise and while the same are conveyed in a continuous and uninterrupted flow.

Another object is to provide a machine for closing the covers of cartons provided with collapsed anges on their sides and for opening up and erecting said flanges prior to the closing of the covers.

Another object is to provide a machine for closing cartons which is fully automatic, continuous in operation, and of simple and inexpensive construction.

Other and further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan View of the carton closing machine of the present invention and a carton discharge unit associated therewith.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the carton closing machine and discharge' unit illustrated in Fig. l, certain portions being omitted.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a portion of Fig. 1 taken along line 3--3 thereof.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of Fig. 1 taken along line 4-4 thereof.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the front end of the carton closing machine taken along line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a portion of Fig. l taken along line 6-'6 thereof.

Fig. '7 is a horizontal section of a portion of Fig. 2 taken along line 1--1 thereof, certain parts being shown in elevation.

Fig. 8 is a transverse section of Fig. 2 taken along line 8--8 thereof.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the universal mounting of one of the turret arms of the machine, certain parts being broken away while others are shown in section.

Fig. l0 is a perspective View of the cover closing mechanism of the machine.

Fig. 1l is a horizontal section of the carton discharge unit of the machine taken along line II-II of Fig. 3.

Fig. 12 is a transverse section of the carton discharge unit of the machine taken along line |2-l2 of Fig. 3. y

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a carton prior to closing thereof, showing the flanges of the cover in folded and flattened condition and over- Alying the cover of the carton.

i 14 taken along line lE-I 5 thereof with the cover disposed in closed position.

Figs. 16 to 19, inclusive, are diagrammatic plan views of a portion of the conveyor mechanism of the carton closing machine and the carton turning mechanism associated therewith illustrating in successive steps the turning of a lled carton thereby.

Figs. 20 to 23, inclusive, are perspective views of portions of the conveyor mechanism, the flap opening turrets, and other parts of the closing machine showing in successive steps the advancement of a filled carton past the turrets and the opening of the flaps of the cover of the carton thereby, portions of the carton discharge unit are illustrated in connection with Figs. 22 and 23.

Fig. 24 is a side elevation of a portion of the cover closing unit and a portion of the carton discharge unit' of the machine showing a carton in different positions of advancement relative .s thereto and illustrating the manner in which the covers of cartons are closed thereby, certain portions of Fig. 24 are broken away.

To facilitate a clear understanding of the construction and operation of thev machine ofthe present invention a brief description of the type of carton for which the machine is especially adapted is rst given herein.

This carton (Fig. 13) is preferably made from a single blank of stock material such asv card board, or the like, which is. creased, bent, and glued to form a rectangular box which comprises a body portion E and a cover Tf hinged' thereon. The body portion 5 includes a rectangular bottom 8, side walls 9 and I9, and end walls Il and I2,

while the cover or lid i hinged. toI the :.nargin-al4 edge of the side wall 9 includes a lid portion t3 provided with end i'laps i4 and I5 and a side iiap I6 forming a continuous flange I'I. The side wall I of the carton is provided with tabs I8 and I9 bent at right' angles thereto and glued or otherwise firmly secured to the end walls H and t2, respectively, wh-ile the end walls I-I and IZ are provided with tabs 26 and 2I`, respectively, bent at right angles theretoand glued or otherwise firmly secured tothe side wall 9.

The end flaps I4 and I5 cf the cover 'I are provided with tabs 22 and 23, respectively, which are bent at right angles thereto and glued or otherwise firmly secured tothe side flap I of the cover 1. A locking tab' 24 formed as an integral part of the side wall I0 and projecting outwardly and downwardly from the upper marginal edge thereof is provided to catch behind the straight edges 22" and 23 of the tabs 22 and '23 when the cover is closed with the i'lange I T, ii. e., the flaps I4, I5, and H5l overlying the end walls Ii and IZ and the side wall I5, respectively, ot the body portion ofthe carton so that the cover l is rmly held in closed position.

To permit easy shipment and handling of the cartons and to conserve as much shipping space as possible, the body portion 6 and the cover l of the cartons are creased and folded along lines 25 to 3v! and the cartons are collapsed and flattened With the cover overlying the body portion of the cartons in a manner well known in the art and clearly illustrated in our copending application above referred to. In their collapsed and flattened condition the cartons are packed in stacks in shipping boxes in which they are shipped and distributed for use.

In use, the cartons are placed in stacks into a carton opening machine which turns back the covers- I of the cartons, opens and sets up the body portions 6 thereof and feeds the cartonsto a filling machine where they are illed and from which the filled cartons emerge with the end naps Id and I5 and the side naps I6 of the cover in collapsed condition and overlying the underside of the lid portion I3 of the cover, as shown in Fig. 13. Tol close thel cover of the cartons it is, therefore, necessary to openup and direct the end flaps I4 and I5 and the side ilaps I5 (Fig. 14) and to close the cover 'l (Fig. 15) with the continuous flange II overlying the walls I0, II,V and i2 of the body portion 6 of the cartons and the edges 22' and 23 of the tabs 22 and 23 in locking engagement with the locking tab 24 of the side wall Il] so that the covers are locked in closed position tothe body portion 6 whereby accidental opening of the cartons and spilling 4of the contents thereof during further handling of the cartons such as wrapping or labeling thereof is prevented.

The machine of the present invention has been designed to automatically perform this cover closing operation and while it is especially adapted for handling a particular type of carton referred to herein which is used tor packaging. frozen food products, it isr to be understood, however, that the utility of the machine is not limited for use connection with the particular carton referred to since other cartons for packaging food productsl orV otherl merchandise may be effectively handled thereby provided, however, that the cartons. tov bex closed` require substantially the same operations; oropening up for erecting the flaps of the cover and for closing the cover of the cartons specically reierred to in the above.

In generali, the carton closing machine D of the present. invention (Figs. l, 2, and 3) comprises a conveyor mechanism 425, a carton turning mechanism 426, a flap opening mechanism 421, a cover or lid closing mechanism 423, and a' carton discharge and presser' unit In. the: operation oi' the closing mechanism. D, the nil-ed cartons having their coders in open position are received endwise by the conveyor mechanism 4:25 from a helling machine and are advanced byF the conveyor` mechanism- 425 past a carton turning mechanism i726z which turns the cartons so that during their further conveyance along the conveyor mechanism 42.5 they are advanced sideW-ise past the ifap; opening mecha.- nismI 4'2! where the continuous'. flange IfIf of the cover, i. e., the end flanges t4 and. t5 and. the side flanges- I.5 are opened. aand erected from the position shown in Fig.. 13 tothe position show-n. in Fig. 14. Thereupon during further advancement. of' the cartons bythe conveyor mechanism 42'5. past the cover closing mechanism 42%, the covers 'I of the cartonsA areV swung to substantially closed position with the continuous flange Il' thereof overlying; the walls I0, It, and I2 of the body portions 6 of the cartons.

` After the covers Vof the cartons have been substantially closed, the cartonsY are presented to the carton discharge andv pressure unitl E Whichcomprises a discharge conveyor 4219I and a. plurality of presser rolls 430-. The discharge con.- veyor 429. advances the carton-s past` the presser rolls 430 which for-ce the covers into finally closed position with the edges 22 and 23 of tabs 22 and 23 into locking' engagement with thelocking tab 24, and press the cartons into correct rectangular shape. Thereupon, the closed cartons .are discharged by the conveyor 4.2-9: from the machine preferably directly into a wrapping and. labeling machine where: the cartons are wrapped and labeled. Finally the wrapped and labeled cartons are packed into shipping boxes in the manner Well known in the art.

The conveyor mechanism 425 (Figs. l to 8) comprises a frame structure 4-33l formedby a plurality of U channels 434, 435, 436 and. 431. The U channels 434 and 435 (Figs. 2, 4 to 7, inclusive).I are disposed in horizontal position at the front end of the carton closing unit D and are secured in parallel and spaced relation with respect to each other by means of transverse braces 438V (Fig. 6) while the U channels 436 and 43"!- are horizontally disposed intermediate the U channe1s434 and 435 and the discharge and presser unitE and are secured to each other in parallel and spaced relation by means ofr a plurality of transverse braces 439 (Figs. 3 and 8). Secured to the front ends 440 ofthe U channels 434 andv 435 (Figs. l, 4, and 6) is a U-shaped bracket 44|` which is secured to the frame structure of the outlet conveyor of a filling machine or the like.

The U channels 434' and 431 are arranged in such a manner (Fig. '7) that channels 435 and 436 are in longitudinal alignment with respect to each other with the web portions 443 and 444 thereof disposed at opposite sides. The rear portion of the U channel 434 is bent inwardly, as shown at 445 and the rear end 446 thereof is secured to the U channel 436 in any desired manner, such as Welding or the like. The front end of the U channel 431 is bent inwardly, as shown at 441 and the rear end 448 thereof is secured to the U channel 435 in any convenient manner.

which the cartons are advanced in the manner as Mounted upon the frame structure 433 is a con- A veyor table 449 comprising a front portion 450 and a rear portion 45|. The front portion 450 is formed by a pair of L channels 452 and 453 arranged adjacent each other in spaced and parallel relation with the flanges 455 and 456 thereof horizontally disposed and forming a longitudinally extending table surface 451 while the vertically disposed flanges 458 and 459I of the channels 452 and 453, respectively, form the guide walls of the table portion 456.

The rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 (Figs. 1, 3, and 8) is formed by a pair of L channels 46| and 462 which are arranged in spaced and parallel relation with their flanges 463 and 464 horizontally disposed and forming a longitudinally extending table surface 465 while the vertically extending anges 466 and 461 of the L channels 46| and 462, respectively( form the guide walls of the rear table portion 45| The L channels 452, 453, and 46|, 462 are firmly secured to the frame structure 433 in such a manner that the horizontal flange 463 of the L channel 46| (Fig. 1) forms the continuation of the horizontal ange 456 of the L channel 453, while the L channels 452 and 462 are disposed in spaced and parallel relation at opposite sides thereof. The vertical ange 459 of the L channel 453 extends beyond the rear end 466 of the horizontal flange 456 and is curved outwardly terminating at 469 (Fig. 1). The front end of the horizontal ange 464 of the L channel 462 is fitted against the curved portion of the vertical flange 459 of the L channel 453, as shown at 416, while the front end of the vertical flange 461 of the L channel 462 is curved outwardly, as shown at 41|, and is joined to the rear end 469 of the flange 456 to form a continuous guide wall therewith. A gusset plate 412 is welded to the flanges 459, 461, and 464 so as to close the open space at the junction of the fianges 459 and 461.

The rear end of the horizontal ange 455 of the L channel 452 is curved, as shown at 413, and the vertical flange 458 is curved inwardly toward the channel 46|, as shown at 414, and eX- tends backwardly, as illustrated at 415, terminating at 416, while the front portion of the vertical ange 466 of the L channel 46| is cut away and the rear portion thereof is joined with the rear end 416 of the flange 458 so as to form a continuous guide wall therewith. The horizontal flanges 455, 456, and 463 of the L channels 452, 453, and 46|, respectively, are so arranged with respect to each other as to provide an opening 411 extending longitudinally of the table surface 451. Likewise, the horizontal flanges 463 and 464 of the L channels 46| and 462 are arranged in spaced relation so as to provide an opening 4118 extending longitudinally of the table surface 465.

From the above it will, therefore, be seen that hereinafter described. The front portion of the conveyor trough is of sufficient width to receive the cartons endwise therein while the rear portion of the trough is considerably wider to permit advancement of the cartons sidewise therein. It will be further noted that due to the disposition of the various L channels and the configuration of their flanges a curved pathway is formed intermediate the front portion 450 of the conveyor table 449I and the rear portion 45| thereof so that the cartons received by the front portion of the conveyor table are gradually switched over to the rear portion of the table during their conveyance therealong. The front portion 450 of the conveyor table (Fig. 1) is preferably of considerable length so as to serve as an inspection table enabling an operator standing beside the same to inspect the cartons and remove improperly filled cartons or damaged cartons from the machine during the continuous operation thereof.

Secured to the lower flanges of the U channels 434 and 435 (Figs. 2 and 6) substantially halfway between the front and rear ends of the frame structure 433 is a yoke 48|, while attached to the lower iianges of the U channels 436 and 431 at the rear end of the frame structure 433 is a yoke 462 (Figs. 2, 3, and 8). Secured to the yokes 48! and 482 are standards 483 and 484,l respectively, provided with flanges (not shown) at their lower ends by which the standards are secured to the floor or foundation on which the machine is placed.

The bracket 44|, previously referred to (Figs. 4 and 5), is provided with bearings 486 and 481 within which a transverse shaft 488 extending through openings 439 and 490 in the web portions of the U channels 434 and 435 is rotatably mounted. Fixed to the shaft 488 for rotation' therewith and disposed intermediate the bearings 486 and 431 is a sprocket 49|, while keyed to the free end 486a is a sprocket 492 comprising a flanged hub portion 463 and a body portion 494 adjustably secured relative to each other by means on a slot and cap screw arrangement 495, well known in the art to permit rotative adjustment of the sprocket 492 relative to the shaft 488.

Secured to the U channels 434 and 431 (Fig. '7) are bearings 491 and 493 within which a transverse shaft 499 is rotatably mounted. This shaft extends through openings 506, 56|, and 592 in the web portions of the U channels 434, 436, and 431 and is provided with retaining collars 563 and 564 xed thereto and bearing against the web portions of the U channels 434 and 431, respectively, for maintaining the shaft 499 in proper position within the bearings 491 and 496. Fixed to the shaft 499 is a sprocket 595 and trained around the same and the sprocket 49| (Figs. 6 and '7) is an endless conveyor chain 556 provided with a plurality of pusher members 598 spaced with respect to each other a distance in excess of the length of the cartons to be handled thereby. These pusher members extend upwardly through the opening 411 of the table portion 456 a suiiicient distance above the table surface 451 so as to engage the cartons supported upon the same and to advance them therealong in the manner as will be described later on.

Trained around the sprocket 492 (Figs. 1 and 2) and a sprocket (not shown) of the lling machine is an endless drive chain 599 so that upon operation of the filling machine the shaft 456 and sprocket 49| are continuously driven and the conveyor chain 596 is continuously operated in the direction of arrow 5|0 (Figs. 1, 6, and 7). Secured to the transverse braces 438 directly below the upper run of the conveyor chain 565 intermediate the sprockets 49| and 555 is a chain guide 5|| (Fig. 6) for supporting the upper run of the conveyor chain in horizontal position and to prevent sagging thereof.

Secured to the U channels 4314 and 431 intermediate the shafts 458 and 499 are bearings 5|4 and 5|5 (Fig. '7) Within which a transverse shaft 5| 6 is rotatably mounted. This shaft extends through openings 5|1, 5|8, and 5|9 in the web portions of the U channels 434, 435, and 431 and xed to the same are r-etaining collars 529 and 52| engaging the web portions of the channels 434 and 431 for maintaining the shaft in proper position Within the bearings 5|4 and 5|5. Fixed to the end 5|6a of the shaft 5|6 is an adjustable sprocket 522 (Figs. 1, 2, and 7) which is of the same construction as the sprocket 492, previously referred to. Trained around the sprocket 522 and a sprocket 523 keyed to the shaft 499 is an endless chain 524 (Figs. 2, and 7) Fixed to the shaft 5|6 for rotation therewith is a sprocket and trained around the same and a sprocket 526 (Figs. 3, 11, and 12) keyed to a transverse shaft 521 at the rear end of the frame structure 433, is an endless conveyor chain 529 provided with a plurality of spaced pusher members 526.

The pusher members 529 extend upwardly through the longitudinally extending opening 413 of the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 445 and ,project a sufficient distance above the table surface 465 so as to engage the cartons supported thereon and to advance the same therealong upon operation of the conveyor chain 528. The pusher members 529 are spaced with respect to each other sufficiently so as to receive the cartons sidewise therebetween.

Secured to the rear end of the U channels 435 and 431 of the frame structure 433 by means of bolts 539 (Figs. 1, 2, 11, and 12) are castings 53| and 532 which form a part of the frame structure of the carton discharge and pressure unit E. The front ends of these castings which overlie the web portions of the U channels 436 and 431 are provided with bearings 533 and 534 within which the transverse shaft 521, previously referred to, is rotatably mounted. The end portions 535 and 536 of the shaft 521 disposed within the bearings 533 and 534 are of reduced diameter so that shoulders 531 and 538 are formed which engage the inner side of the castings 53| and 532, respectively, whereby the shaft is maintained in proper position within the bearings 533 and 534.

Mounted upon the transverse braces 439 directly below the upper run of the conveyor chain 528 (Fig. 3) is a chain guide 539 which maintains the upper run of the conveyor chain 528 in substantially horizontal position and prevents sagging of the same.

Rotatably mounted within bearing portions 540 and 54| (Fig. 11) of the casting 53| and 532 is a transverse shaft 542 to which a roller 543 is fixed for rotation therewith. Fixed to the free end 542a of the shaft 542 is a sprocket 544 and trained around the same and a sprocket 545 fixed to the reduced end of the shaft 521 is an endless drive chain 546.

From the above it Will, therefore, be seen that upon operation of the conveyor chain 595 and shaft 499, shaft 5|6 is driven simultaneously therewith in view of the driving connection established by means of the sprockets 523, 522, and chain 524. The rotation of the shaft 5|6 and sprocket 525 effects operation of the conveyor chain 528 in the direction of arrow 541 (Figs. 3 and '1) so that the pusher members 529 of the upper run of the chain 523 are caused to travel continuously toward the discharge unit E and effect advancement of the cartons along the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449.

Fixed to the castings 53| and 532 are further transverse rods 548 and 549 upon which transverse rolls 55| and 552 are rotatably mounted.

Trained around the rolls 543, 55|, and 552 is an endless conveyor belt 553, the upper run 554 of which is disposed in substantially horizontal alignment with respect to the table surface 455 of the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449.

Upon operation of the conveyor chain 529, in the manner previously referred to, shaft 521 will be rotated therewith and effects a corresponding rotation of the shaft 542 and roll 543 through sprockets 545, 544, and drive chain 546. The rotation of the roll 543 in the direction-of arrow 555 (Fig. 3) eifects travel of the conveyor belt 553 in the direction of arow 556 (Fig. 3) and a corresponding rotation of the rolls 55| and 552 therewith so that the cartons which arrive at the rear end of the conveyor table 449 are transfered by the pusher members 529 upon the conveyor belt 553 and are advanced thereby through the carton discharge and presser unit E. The transverse rod 549 is adjustably disposed in slots 53m and 532e (Fig. 11) to permit adjustment of the roll 552 for taking up any slack in the conveyor belt 553.

Mounted above the castings 53| and 532 by means of adjustable vertical supporting straps 551, 558, 559 and 569 are horizontally disposed supporting members 56| and 562 arranged in spaced relation a predetermined distance above the castings 53| and 532. Fixed Within the supporting members 56| and 562 (Figs. 2, 3, and 12) are a plurality of transverse rods 563, 564, 565, and 566 disposed in spaced relation with respect to each other upon which presser rolls 561, 568, 569, and 519 are rotatably mounted. These presser rolls extend transversely with respect to the conveyor belt 553 and are disposed a predetermined distance above the same, i. e., a distance corresponding to the height of the cartons so that the rolls 561 to 519 engage the upper surface of the cover 1 of the cartons and exert a slight downward pressure upon the same to effect a complete closing of the cover and interlocking of the straight edges 22 and 23' of the tabs 22 and 23 with the locking flap 24. The rolls 553, 569, and 519 are in vertical alignment with the rolls 543, 55|, and 552, respectively, and the transverse rod 566 is adjustable Within slots 515 and 512 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the members 56| and 562 so that the roll 519 may be adjusted and maintained in correct alignment with the roll 552 upon adjustment of the latter, as previously stated here- Secured to the front portion of the U channel 431 (Figs. 1 and 2.) and the inwardly bent portion 441 thereof is a cover plate 515 (Fig. 1) provided with a slot 516 which forms the continuation of 9 the opening 418 of the rear portion 45| ofthe conveyor table 449 so that the plate 515 will not interfere with the operation of the pusher members 529 of the conveyor chain 528. Likewise, the vertical iiange 459 is cut out, as shown at 511 (Fig. 2l), so aslto permit travel of the pusher members 529 past this iiange without interfering therewith. l

Fixed to the plate 515 (Figs. 1, 2, and 21) is a vertically disposed pivot stud 519 upon which a carton turning arm 580 is freely pivoted by means of a sleeve like hub portion 58| provided with a radially extending pin 582 to which one end of a coil spring 583 is attached, the other end of which is secured to the plate at 584. The carton turning arm 580 extends over the vertical flange 459 of the L channel 453 into the path of the cartons on the conveyor table 449 and engages the cartons 'about half way between the top and the bottom thereof. To permit the extension of the arm 580 vover the fiange 459 the height of the latter is suiciently reduced, as'clearly shown in Fig. 21. The arm 580 is normally held in the position shown in Fig. 1 in which it abuts against an abutment 585 adjustably carried by the plate 515 by means of a bolt and slot ararngement 586.

vThe free end 580a of the carton turning arm 580 is angularly disposed with respect to the remaining portion of the arm and adapted to engage the front end I2 of each carton during its transfer from the front portion 450 of the conveyor table to the rear portion 45| thereof and to effect the turning of the cartons from lengthwise to sidewise position so that they are subsequently advanced sidewise past the iiap opening mechanism 421 and the cover closing mechanism 428 into the discharge and presser unit E.

It is further to be noted that the inwardly curved and rearwardly extending portions 414 and 415 of the ange 458 of the L channel 452 (Figs. 3 and 6) are provided with a cut out portion 581 so as to porvide sufficient clearance for the pusher members 508 and to prevent interference thereof with the guide wall 458. Secured to the ange 458 of the L channel 452 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6) by means of a plurality of supporting brackets 588 is a cover supporting rod 589 disposed parallel to the front portion 458 of the conveyor table. The rear end of the rod 589 is curved inwardly toward. the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449, as shown at 590 in Fig. 1. This rod 589 is disposed exteriorly of the front portion 450 of the conveyor table 449 and is arranged in spaced relation relative to the guide wall 458 in horizontal and vertical directions (Fig. 4) so that when a carton is advanced endwise along the table portion 458 the open cover or lid of the carton F is supported by the rod 589.

Secured to the web portions of the U channels 436- and 431 of the frame structure substantially halfway between the carton discharge and presser unit E and the carton turning nger 589 (Figs. 1, 2 and 8) are turret supporting brackets 595 and 596, respectively. Both of these brackets are of identical construction and each comprises a horizontally disposed bearing portion 591 and a vertically disposed bearing'portion 598. Rotatably mounted within the bearing portions 591 and extending transversely of the machine below the frame structure 433 is a shaft 599 provided with a bevel gear 600 at each of its ends. The bevel Y gears 600 are fixed to the shaft 599 for rotation `to a vertical shaft 601 rotatably mounted within the bearing portion 598 of the turret supporting bracket 596 and fixed to the upper end of the shaft 901 for rotation therewith is a turret 608 provided with a plurality of spider arms 609.

Rotatably mounted adjacent the outer end of each of the spider arms 606 and 609 of the turrets 605 and 988, respectively (Fig. 9) are pivot pins 8H), the lower portion 6I| of which is of reduced diameter so that a shoulder 6I2 is formed engaging a bearing surface SIS of the spider arms, while secured to the lower end of the reduced portion 6H of each pin is a retaining collar 6I4 for maintaining the pivot pin 6.I0 in position without preventing free rotation thereof. Pivotally secured to the upperv end of each pivot pin 6I0 by means of a transverse pivot pin 6| 5 is a ap or flange opening arm 6|6 provided with a hook 6I1 (Figs. l and 2'1) at its outer end. Secured to the rear end of each arm 6I6 adjacent the pivot 6|!) is one end of a coil spring 5|8, the other end of which is attached to a stud 6I9 xed to the turrets 605 and 608.

From the above it will, therefore, be seen that the turret arms @i6 are mounted for universal movement on the spider arms 606 and 609, but are normally held in substantially horizontal position radially disposed to the turret structure with which they are associated Vand in alignment with the spider arms thereof by means of the coil springs 6|8. The springs BIS of opposing turrets are secured to the studs 6|9 at different heights (Fig. 8)Y so that the arms BIB of the turret 605 are slightly downwardly inclined and the arms BIG of the turret 608 are slightly uplwardly inclined with respect to horizontal and Will not interfere with each other upon rotation Vof the turrets. Fixedl on the turrets 605 and 608 adjacent each stud 6I9 is a cover engaging and supporting arm 625. One arm 625 is associated with each ange opening arm 6I6 and is disposed in spaced and xed relation with respect thereto at the hook side of each flange opening arm.

Each turret is preferably provided with four spider arms, four fiange opening arms, and four cover engaging and supporting arms. If desired, however, the number of the same may be increased or reduced, as will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The turrets 605 and 908 are so disposed and in such rotative adjustment with respect to each other that the arms BIB and 625 of opposing turrets cooperate with each other during the rotation of the turrets.

Fixed to the shaft 599 (Figs. 2, 3, and 8), previously referred to, is a sprocket 62 6, and trained around the same and a sprocket 821 xed to the shaft 499 (Figs. 3 and 7) is an endless drive chain 628 so that upon rotation 0f the shaft 499 the shaft 599 is rotated in timed relation therewith and rotation of the turrets 605 and 608 in timed elation and in. opposite directions, i. e., in the direction of arrows 629 and 629a (Fig. 1), is obtained.

Arranged intermediate the turrets 605 and 608 and the carton discharge and presser unit E (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 8, and 10) is the cover closing unit 428 which is supported above the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 by means of a supporting bracket 630 fastened to the ange 466 of the L channel 46| and the web portion of the U channel 436 by means of cap screws 63|. The bracket 630 is of L-shaped construction and the leg portion 632 thereof extends transversely of the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 at a predetermined distance above the same. Secured to the portion 632 is a cover guide and closing plate 633 which comprises a vertically disposed downwardly extending portion 635, a horizontally disposed rearwardly extending portion 636, the rear end 631 oi' which is inclined downwardly toward the presser roll 561, and terminates in a horizontally disposed portion 638 adjacent the same. Secured to the cover guide plate 633 intermediate the portions 635 and 636 thereof is a bar 639 (Fig. which extends transversely with respect to the conveyor mechanism of the machine. Rotatably mounted on the free ends of the bar 639 by means of screws 640 are cover closing rolls 64| and 642 which are adapted to engage the cover of the carton and fold the same over the carton to partially close the same (Fig. 24) during the advancement of the cartons therepast While the downwardly inclined portion 631 of the cover guide plate 633 effects the nal closing of the cover of the carton and guides the same beneath the rst presser roll 561 so as to assure correct introduction of the carton into the presser and discharge unit E.

During the initial cover closing operation, as shown in Fig. 24, the lower portions of the end aps of the cover are disposed outside the guide walls 466 and 461 of the conveyor table 449 and must be introduced into the guide channel of the conveyor before the cover can be completely closed. To obtain the introduction of the end flaps of the cover of the carton into the conveyor channel the guide walls 466 and 461 are cut open, as shown at 644 and 645 (Figs. 1, 2, 23, and 24), and the portions of the guide walls adjacent said cuts are bent outwardly, as shown at 646 and 641, respectively, so that openings 648 and 649 are formed. These outwardly `bent portions 646 and 641 of the guide walls facilitate the introduction of the end iiaps of the carton cover through the openings 648 and 649 into the conveyor channel incident to the cover closing operation and the advancement of the cartons therepast.

Secured to the bracket portion 632 of the cover closing station 428 is a brush supporting arm 650 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 8) which extends rearwardly above the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 in spaced relation thereto and parallel to and above the path of travel of the pusher members 529. Secured to the free end of the arm 650 is a brush 65| which extends longitudinally of the front portion of the arm parallel to the path of travel of the pusher members 529. The brush 65| is provided with downwardly extending comparatively long and soft bristles 652 which are adapted to engage the open cover I3 (Fig. 20) of the carton and to position the same correctly for introduction thereof between the cooperating arms 6I6 and 625 of the turrets 605 and 608, as will be more fully described later on. The brush 65| is positioned at `such height above the conveyor table 449 that the bristles 652 engage only the upper edge I3a` of the open cover I3 and exert only a slight pressure or backward drag against the same to thereby gently tilt the cover I3 into the Y t 12 desired position while the cartons are advanced beneath and past said brush.

Operation During the operation of the machine the shaft 488 of the closing unit is continuously driven by the filling machine by means of the sprocket chain 509 whereby continuous operation of the conveyor chains 506 and 528 and the discharge belt 553 in the direction of arrows 5I0, 541, and 556 (Figs. 1, 8, and 6) is effected, while the turrets 6.05 and 608 are continuously rotatedin the direction of arrows 629 and 629:1. (Fig. l) in timed relation therewith.

The filled cartons, having their covers disposed in open position, are received endwise from the outlet conveyor of the filling machine by the front portion 450 of the conveyor table 449 (Fig. 1) and are advanced endwise in spaced relation and in a single file along the same by the pusher members 508 while the open covers of the cartonsA are supported by and slide along the cover supporting rod 589. As each carton approaches the bent portion 660 (Fig. 16) of the conveyor` trough, the edge 66| of the body portion 6 of the carton engages and travels along the inwardly curved portion 414 of the guide wall 458 whereby the iilled carton F is turned and shifted into a position, as shown in Fig. 16, in which the end wall I2 of the carton engages the carton turning arm 530, as shown at 662. As soon as the carton arrives in this position, and while the pusher member 50S engaging the end wall I I of the carton continues its forward movement in the direction of arrow 663 (Fig. 16), the carton is further advanced and, since its forward movement is retarded by the arm 580, the carton is turned from its position, shown in Fig. 16, first to the position shown in Fig. 17 and finally to the position illustrated in Fig. 18 by the combined action of the pusher member 508 and arm 580 and is gradually transferred from the portion 450 to the portion 45| of the conveyor table 449. To facilitate easy turning of the carton in the manner above described, the carton engaging portion of the pusher members 508 are preferably made cylindrical, as shown in Fig. 6.

In view of the force applied by the pusher member 508 which tends to urge the carton forwardly along the conveyor table 449, the arm 580 4is traversed from the position shown in Fig. 16,

to the position in Fig. 17, and finally to the position as shown in Fig. 18 against the tension of the coil spring 583. so that while the end wall I I of the carton is advanced by the pusher member 508 the forward movement of the end wall I2 of the carton is retarded and the carton is pulled toward the curved guide wall portion 410 of the guide wall 459 and the corner 665 of the body portion 6 of the carton (Figs. 17 and 18) enters into the outwardly projecting corner 666 of the conveyor channel formed by the outwardly curved portions 410 and 41| of the guide Walls 459 and 461. This outwardly extending corner 666 of the conveyor channel provides sumcient room for the carton to turn from endwise to substantially sidewise position.

While the carton is now in the position as shown in Fig. 18, one of the pusher members 529 of the conveyor chain 528 engages the side wall I0 of the body portion 6 of the carton and exerts a forward pressure upon the same in the direction of arrow' 661 (Fig. 18)A whereby the carton is further turnedl in counterclockwise direction and its end wall I| is disengaged fromthe p'usher member 508 of the conveyor chain 506, while the end wall I2 of the carton bears against the angularly disposed portion 580m of the arm 580 and pivots about the same. Consequently, in view of the forward movement imparted to the carton Aby the pusher member 529 and the pivotal movement of the carton about portion 580m of the arm 580, the carton is turned into complete sidewise position within the conveyor channel, as shown in Fig. 19, and is now advanced by the pusher member 529 along the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449, while the end wall 2 of the carton disengages from the arm 580 which thereupon returns to its original position into contact with the abutment 585 under the urge of the coil spring 583.

The spacing of the pusher members 508 and 529 and the speed of travel of the conveyor chains 566 and 528 are such as to effect thecorrect turning of the carton and its transfer from the front portion 450 to the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 without interference by the pusher members 508 and 529.

While the carton is now advanced along the rear portion 45| of the conveyor table 449 with the open cover 1 disposed in upwardly inclined and leading position, the brush 65| engages the upper edge |3a of the cover and tilts the same slightly backward to the position as shown in Fig. 20 so that as the carton now approaches and moves past the continuously rotating fiange or flap opening turrets 605 and 608, the cover 1 is 'held in such position that is will be received between the opposing arms 6I6 and 625 of the turrets which are rotated in the directions of arrows 629 and 629m, respectively, and in such timed relation with respect to the conveyor chain 528 and the carton advanced thereby that the cover 1 of the carton will freely enter the space between these arms, as shown in Fig. 20. While the advancement of the cartons and the rotation of the turrets 605 and 608 continues, the cover is turned forward by the combined action of the opposing pairs of arms 6I6, 625 into the position Vas shown in Figs. 21 and 22 at which time the cooperating arms 6|6 of the turrets are disposed substantially parallel to each other with the hook portions 6I1 thereof disposed above each other and contacting the inner surface of the lid portion I3 of the cover (Fig. 22). During further advancement of the carton from the position shown in Fig. 22 to the position illustrated in Fig. 23 and while the turrets 605 and 608 continue their rotation in the direction of arrows 629 and 629a, respectively (Fig. 23), the hook portions 6|1 of the arms 6I6 engage the end flaps I4 and I5 of the carton and pull them outwardly thereby erecting the same. In view of the fact that the side iiap I6 is connected with the end flaps I4 and I5 and folded over the same, it is also erected incident to the erection of the end flaps I4 and I5. As the advancement of the carton by the pusher member 529 and the rotation of the turrets 605 and 608 in the direction of arrows 629 and 629er, respectively (Fig. 23) continues, the lower portion of the end flaps I4 and I5 is pulled outwardly beyond the guide walls 466 and 461 by the hooks 6I1 of the arms 6I6 in the manner as clearly shown in Fig. 23, while the arms 6I6 of the turrets yield pivotally relative to the spider arms supporting the same against the tension of the springs 6I8 into the position as shown in Fig. 23 and are maintained in engagement with the end flaps I4 and I5 by the action of the springs 6 8.

As soon as the carton arrives in the position ilustrated in Fig. 23, the cover closing rolls 64I and 642 of the cover closing mechanism 428 engage the outer surface of the cover I3, and as the carton continues to travel in the direction of arrow 668 (Figs. 23 and 24) they begin to close the cover, i. e., to swing the same downward in the direction of arrow 610 (Figs. 23 and 24) As soon as the carton has past the position as shown in Fig. 23, the turret arms 6I6` disengage from the end flaps |4 and I5 of the cover which now snap back so that the lower portions of these flaps engage the outer surfaces of the guide walls 466 and 461 substantially as shown at' 61| in Fig. 24, while the arms 6I6 swing back into radial positions with respect to their turrets under the action of the coil springs 6I8. As the carton now continues its advancement with the lower ends of the end flap-s I4 and I5 sliding along the outer side walls of the guides 466 and 461 (Fig. 24), the cover 1 is closed further by the rolls 64I and 642 and, as soon as the lower portions 612 of the end flaps are adjacent the openings 648 and 649 of the guide walls 466 and 461 and travel past the same, they are guided back into the conveyor trough by the flap guides 646 and 641. With the end aps of the cover now disposed within the conveyor channel the cover of the carton is closed by the rear end 631 of the cover guide plate 633 in the manner as -diagrammatically illustrated in full and dotted lines in Fig. 24 and the. carton isy thereupon introduced into the carton discharge and presser unit E and transferred upon the conveyor belt 553 thereof by the pusher member 529. The carton is now advanced by the conveyor belt 553 past the presser rolls, 561, 568, 560, and 510 and is subsequently discharged from the machine. The presser rolls 561 to 510 are so adjusted relative to the rear end of the conveyor table 449, rolls 543, 55|, 552, and the belt 553 as to exert in cooperation with the rear end portion 638 of the closing plate 633 suiiicient pressure upon the cover of the carton to completely close the same and to interlock Vthe straight edges 22 and 23 of the tabs 22 and `23 with the locking tab 24. While the carton is advanced by the discharge belt 553 between the rolls 543, 55|, 552, and presser rolls 561 to 510 it is pressed into shape to eliminate any bulging of the bottom or cover of the carton. The cover is now completely closed and held in locked position on the body portion of the carton and is prevented from opening during discharge of the carton from the machine and subsequent handling, such as wrapping or labeling thereof.

In the continuous operation of the carton clos ing discharge unit of the machine the cartons are continuously advanced in a single i'lle and in spaced relation along the conveyor table 449 and are discharged from the discharge and pressure unit E and the operations described herein in connection with a single carton are repeated with respect to each carton advanced through the machine.

The machine of the present invention is especially adapted for handling the particular type of carton described herein which is designed for packaging frozen food products, or the like. It is to be understood, however, that the utility of the machine is not limited for use in connection with the particular carton specifically described herein, since other cartons for packaging food products or other. merchandise may be effectively handled thereby provided that the end flange and side flanges of the cover of the carton are folded faccende i and collapsed in a similar manner and require substantially the same operations for opening the saine and for closing the cover of the carton .as the specific type 'of carton referred to herein.

While we have shown and described a preferred apparatus and a preferred method for carrying out our invention, it will be understood that Vboth are `capable of variation and modification while still `employing the principles of our invention. It is to lbe understood, therefore, that the scope ofthe invention should be limited only by the scope and proper interpretation Vof the claims 'appended hereto.

Having thus described 'our invention, what we claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

i. A machine for handling cartons emerging from a carton filling machine in endvvise position, each carton having a hinged cover disposed in open position 'and with the iiange of the cover collapsed upon the V-un'dersicie of the cover substantially within the confines thereof comprising 'a vconveyor 'for receiving the cartons and for advancing them en'dwise in a continuous uninterrupted flow along a predetermined path, means associated with the conveyor for turning the cartons 'sidewise with the open covers disposed in leading position, 'means associated with the conveyor for engaging the edge of the collapsed cover flange of each carton passing-by in a manner eiective to erect said flange, and means cooperating with the flange erecting means for lclosing the cover of each carton while the nange thereof is in vopen position, said closing means comprising a pair of freely rotatable rolls and a cover guide ydisposed between the same and extending downwardly 'and rearwardly therefrom toward said conveyor terminating at a height thereabove substantially equal to the height oi the cartons.

2. A machine for handling Vcartons emerging from a carton nlling machine 'in endwise .position comprising a conveyor table including a narrow front portion and a wide rear 4portion disposed Vifn staggered relation parallel 'to each 'other and v joined to form a 'continuons carton supporting surface, means for advancing cartons having their covers open and the flanges thereof Acoliapsed thereon endwise along the front portion of vsaid table, means 'for transferring the cartons upon the rear portion 'of said table and for turning them into sidewise position thereon, means -for advancing the 'cartons 'sidewise along the r'ear portion of said table 'with the covers disposed in leading position, means 'adjacent the rear vportion of the table and operating in timed relation with the last named advancing means for "engaging the edges of the covei` anges of the cartons passing-'by in a manner effective to 'open and erect `said ii'anges, and means associated with the vrear table .portion for closing the covers of the cartons.

l3. A machine for handling rectangular `cartons emerging from a carton lling machine in end- Wise position, each car-ton having a lblocked body portion and a cover hinged thereon provided with a continuous ange 'at the free edges 4thereof folded inwardly and collapsed upon the underside `of the cover substantially within the c-onlnes thereof 'comprising a conve-yor mechanism 'includ'ing 'an inspection table Aand a turret table disposed in staggered relation with respect to each other-and joined to form a continuous table surface, -means associated with 'the inspection table for advancing the cartons endwise therealong'wi'th the hinge of the `cover parallel to the Vl'direction 'of travel of the cartons, means adjaic'ent the Junction oi said tables and `cooper-ating with said Aadvancing means for transferring the cartons from the inspection table to the turret tableduring their advancement by said advancing means and for tur-ning the cartons sidewise withthe covers in leading position andthe hinges 'thereof Inormal to the path 'of travel of the cartons, cooperating nan-ge opening turrets adjacent said turret table provided with iiange opening means adapted vto engage the edges of the cover 'nanges of the cartons, means 'for yadvancing the cartons ysidewise with the 'covers in -leading position 'along the turret table past Vsaid turrets, means for operating said turrets in timed irelatio-n 'with Yrespect to 'each lother and ythe cartons advancing therep'ast in a manner eiiective to engage said `cover iianges, opening means with the lia-nge of the ycartons `passing-by to zopen the same, and means `associated with 'the turret table and disposed within the path of travel of the covers for folding the same to Vclosed 'position upon the cartons while the flanges of lthe covers are in open position.

4. A machine for handling cartons emerging .from a carton ifill'ing machine in endwise position comp-rising a conveyor ior receiving cartons `having Acovers hinged thereon and 'disposed in open position with the iiange's oi the covers 'inwardly `folded 'and collapsed, means for advancing the cartons endwise along said conveyor, fa 'second conveyor adjacent and parallel to and substantially coplanar with said receiving conveyor, means associated vwith the receiving conveyor for transferring the cartons from the receiving conveyor to said second conveyor, a carton turning ymechanism :associated with said second conveyor for turning the cartons sidewise incident to their transfer from the receiving conveyor to said 'second conveyor to thereby dispose the cartons with their vcovers in leading position on said second conveyor, means for advancing the cartons with their covers in leading position along saidsec'on'd conveyor, means associated with lsaid second conveyor for `engaging the edges oi" the Vcover nan'g'es of the cartons during their conveyance along said second "conveyor in a manner effective to open and-erect said iianges, and

vmeans cooperating with said ange opening means for closing the covers of the cartons While -theirflanges are 1in open position.

45. A machine for handling cartons emerging from a -car'ton filling machine in endwise v.position comprising a 'conveyor 'forreceiving filled cartons having their covers hinged thereon and disposed in open *position with the Zflanges of the covers Ainwardlyfolded and collapsed, 'means for advancing the 'cartons Aendwise along -said conveyor, a second conveyor adjacent and parallel to 'and substantially coplanar with said receiving conveyonmeans associated with the receiving conveyor vfor transferring the ucartons from the vreceiving conveyor to said second conveyor, a vcarton turning mechanism associated with said second conveyor rfor turning vthe cartons sidew'ise incident to their transferfrom the receiving conveyor to -fsaid second conveyor to thereby dispose the cartons with their covers in leading position,

rmeans for advancing the cartons with their lcovers in `leading position `along -said second-conveyor, means 'associated 'with the second conveyor for engaging the cover flanges ofthe lcartons "during their conveyance lalong said second conveyor in a manner eiiective to open 'and erect means f-or advancing the cartons endwise along said conveyor, a second conveyor adjacent and parallel to and substantially coplanar with said receiving conveyor, means for transferring the cartons from the receiving conveyor to said second conveyor, means for turning the cartons into sidewise position incident to their transfer to said second conveyor, means for advancing the cartons sidewise with their covers disposed in leading position along said second conveyor, a pair yof cooperating flange opening turrets disposed at opposite sides of said second conveyor and provided with fiange engaging arms for engaging and opening up the collapsed flangesl of the covers during the advancement of the cartons therepast, and means associated with the second conveyor and cooperating with said flange opening turrets for closing the covers while the flanges thereof are in open position.

7. A carton handling machine comprising a conveyor for receiving cartons having their covers hinged thereon and the flanges of the covers folded inwardly and collapsed substantially Within the confines of said covers, means for advancing the cartons with the covers disposed in lea-ding position along said conveyor, flange opening turrets disposed adjacent the path of travel of the cartons having arms adapted toengage the edges of thev cover anges of the cartons passing-by in a manner effective to open the same, means for engaging and closing the covers during the advancement of the cartons along said conveyor, and means associated with the conveyor and effective to move into the space between the end walls of the cart-ons and the adjacent portions of the opened cover flanges for maintaining the flanges of the covers in open position during the closing of the covers.

8. A carton closing machine comprising a conveyor for receiving cartons having their covers disposed in open position and the anges of the covers folded inwardly and collapsed within the confines thereof, means forconveying the cartons along said conveyor with the covers disposed in leading position, 4a pair of cooperating flange opening turrets associated with said conveyor for opening the collapsed flanges of the covers during the conveyance of the cartons therepast, means for continuously rotating said turrets in timed relation to the advancement of the cartons along said conveyor, and means associated with the conveyor for closing the covers while the flanges thereof are in open position, said flange opening turrets each comprising a pair of cooperating arms adapted to engage the upper and lower surfaces of the cover, respectively of each carton passing-by, and to receive the cover of each carton therebetween during its advancement therepast, the arms of the turrets engaging the inner surface of the cover being provided with hooked portions for engaging the co1- lapsed flange of each cover during the rotation of the turrets and for erecting said flange during the advancement of the carton therepast incident to the rotation of said turrets.

` 9. In a carton closing machine a pair of flange opening turrets disposed in spaced relation with respect to each other, each of said turrets comprising a cover supporting arm and a ange opening arm arranged in spaced relation adjacent each other, and means for rotating said turrets to move the arms thereof into and out of alignment with respect to each other to thereby receive therebetween the open covers of cartons having their flanges collapsed thereon while the cartons are advanced past said turrets, the flange opening arm of each turret being prof vided with a hook portion for engaging the collapsed flanges of the covers and for pulling the same outwardly into opened and erected positions incident to the advancement of the cartons and the rotation of the turrets relative thereto.

10. In a carton closing machine, a pair of flange opening turrets disposed in spaced relation with respect to each other, each of said turrets comprising a cover supporting arm fixed thereto and a flange opening arm pivotally mounted thereon, resilient means for normally maintaining the flange opening arm of each turret in predetermined spaced relation relative to the cover supporting arm thereof, means for rotating said turrets to move the arms thereof into and out of alignment with respect to each other to thereby receive the open cover of a carton therebetween during advancement of said carton past said turrets, the flange opening arms of each turret being provided with a hook portion for engaging the collapsed flange of the cover of the carton and for erecting the same incident to the ad- 'vancernent of the carton therepast while said turrets are rotated to move said arms in the direction of the advancing carton.

1l. In a carton closing machine cooperating flap opening turrets, each of said turrets comprising a fixed cover supporting arm and a pivotally mounted ange engaging arm adapted to receive the cover of a carton provided with a collapsed iiange therebetween, means for advancing the carton along a predetermined path between said turrets, means for rotating said turrets in opposite directions to effect travel of said arms in the direction of travel of the carton while the arms are in engagement with the cover thereof whereby the collapsed flange of the cover of the carton is engaged by the hook portions of the pivotally mounted arms and is pulled outwardly into open and erected position while the cover is held in predetermined relation with respect to the pivotally mounted arms by said fixed arms.

12. A machine for closing cartons of the type having a blocked rectangular body provided with a hinged cover having a continuous flange at the free ends thereof collapsed upon the underside ,of the cover substantially within the confines thereof, comprising a conveyor adapted to advance such cartons in continuous and uninterrupted flow along a predetermined path with the covers opened and in leading position, a pair of rotary turrets located at either side of said conveyor each having a first arm connected rigidly thereto and extending radially therefrom, and a second arm pivoted thereto and yieldably held in a position spaced from said rst arm such that the opposite ends ofthe open cover of a carton passing intermediately of said turrets may be received into the spaces formed between said rst and second arms, and means for operating said 19 conveyor and said rotary turrets in timed relation, such that the first arms of said turrets support the cover of an intermediate carton at its outer surface while said second arms engage the inwardly directed edge of the folded cover ange and pull it outwardly in opposite directions.

13. A machine for closing cartons of the type having a blocked rectangular body provided with a hinged cover having a continuous flange at the free ends thereof collapsed upon the underside of the cover substantially within the connes thereof, comprising a conveyor adapted to ad- Vance such cartons in continuous and uninterrupted flow along a predetermined path with the covers opened and in leading position, a pair of rotary turrets located at either side of said conveyor each comprising a first arm connected rigidly thereto and extending radially therefrom, and a second arm pivoted thereto and yieldably held in a position spaced fro-m said iirst arm such that the adjacent ends of the open cover of a carton passing by the said turrets may be received into the space -between said first and second arms, means for operating said conveyor and said rotary turrets in timed relation, with the confronting segments of said turrets moving in the direction of movement of said conveyor, such that the first arms of said turrets support the cover of an intermediate carton at its outer surface while said second arms engage the inwardly directed edges of the adjacent side portions of the cover flange and pull them outwardly as the conveyor advances the carton beyond said turrets and said turrets swing said arms and said fingers laterally away from said conveyor, and means l,

disposed above said conveyor beyond said turrets for folding the covers of cartons traveling on said conveyor upon the bodies of said cartons.

14. A machine for closing cartons of the typ-e having a blocked body provided with a hinged cover having a continuous iiange at the free ends thereof collapsed upon the underside of the cover substantially within the confines thereof, cornprising a conveyor adapted to advance such cartons in continuous flow along a predetermined path with the covers opened and in leading position, a pair of rotary turrets located at either side of said conveyor each comprising a first arm connected rigidly thereto and extending radially therefrom, and a second arm pivoted thereto and yieldably held in a position spaced from said first arm such that the opposite ends of the open cover of a carton passing intermediately of said turrets may be received into the spaces formed between said first and second arms, means for operating said conveyor and said rotary turrets in timed relation, such that the first arms of said turrets support the cover of an intermediate carton at its outer surface while said second arms engage the inwardly directed edge of the folded cover ange and pull it outwardly in opposite directions as the conveyor advances the carton beyond said turrets and said turrets swing said arms and said fingers laterally away from said conveyor, means disposed above said conveyor beyond said turrets in the direction of movement of said conveyor for folding the covers of cartons traveling on said conveyor upon the bodies of said cartons, and means anking said conveyor and arranged to enter between the adjacent sides of the carton bodies and the opened side portions of its cover flanges for holding said anges temporarily in opened position as said cover folding means acts to fold the covers upon the carton bodies.

15. In a carton handling machine, the combination of a pair of offset substantially parallel connecting slideways for supporting a moving carton, means for positively advancing a carton along said slideways, means disposed adjacent the discharge end of one slideway and engageable with the leading end of an advancing carton at one side thereof to divert it toward the receiving end of the other slideway, and means adjacent said diverting means for engaging the leading end of the diverted carton at the opposite side thereof, said engaging means cooperating with said advancing means for turning the carton into a different position as it is diverted into the other slideway for continued advancement therealong in said different position by said advancing means.

16. In a machine for handling rectangular cartons, the combination of a pair of laterally offset substantially parallel adjoining slideways providing a continuous communicating support for guiding a moving carton in a predetermined direction of travel, means for positively advancing the carton along each of said slideways in succession, fixed arcuate guide means disposed at one side of the discharge end of the preceding slideway and engageable With the leading end of an advancing carton at one side thereof to deilect the carton into the open receiving end of the offset succeeding slideway, and movable carton engaging means spaced from said deecting means on the opposite side of said slideway discharge end, said carton engaging means cooperating with said carton deflecting and advancing means for yieldably engaging and retardirig the leading end of the diverted carton at the opposite side thereof for orienting the moving carton into an angularly related position as the cart0n is deflected into said succeeding slideway for continued advancement therealong in said oriented position by said advancing means.

17. In a machine for handling rectangular cartons, the combination of a pair of laterally oiTset substantially parallel communicating slideways disposed in a common plane for successively and continuously supporting moving cartons, conveyor means for positively advancing the cartons in processional order and in successively different positions along said slideways respectively, curved guide means disposed at one side of the discharge end of the first slideway for engagement by the adjacent leading end portion of an endwise advancing carton to divert and transfer the carton into the receiving end of the succeeding offset slideway, and a pivotally mounted spring tensioned member disposed on the opposite side of said discharge end from said curved guide means, said member cooperating with said conveyor means to engage and yieldably restrain forward movement of the adjoining leading end portion of the moving carton during transfer thereof, thereby serving to turn said carton at right angles into a sidewise position for continued advancernent along the succeeding slideway by said conveyor means.

CHARLES E. KERR. ROSCOE ELSHEIMER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS (Other references on following page) Number Number 21 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Martn Apr. 20, 1915 Tremane June 1, 1915 Bloomer June 22, 1915 Benot Aug. 5, 1924 Fox Oct. 27, 1925 Henderson Sept. 13, 1927 Wild Jan. 3, 1928 Howe Oct. 29, 1929 10 Nelson Dec. 17, 1929 Fermann et al Nov. 8, 1938 Number Number Name Date Horowitz Jan. 12, 1943 Vergobbi Sept. 7, 1943 Hermani Mar. 29, 1945 Johnson et al. Dec. 25, 1945 Riege et a1 Mar. 16, 1948 Ringler Apr. 20, 1948 Guyer et al May 11, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany June 27, 1929 

